Epidurals :: essays research papers

If birth has been occurring since the beginning of time why do so many women act as if it’s something new? Nowadays, you have women asking for morphine, walking epidurals, and spinal epidurals. Why are so many women deciding that they can’t do a natural childbirth and what are the risks of not having one? Researchers have done studies on epidurals to determine if they cause women to get an increase in c-sections. They have also done studies to determine if getting an epidural to early will increase the chances of getting an epidural.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Why would you get an epidural when there are different ways to have a pain free pregnancy? This is the question that most women ask who have natural childbirths. Why get a shot in your back that may give you paralysis or cause back pains years after you have received the shot. Some doctors suggest going to Lamaze classes to reduce labor pains. You can also deliver your baby in water to ease some of the pain and to give the baby a good transition into the world. Plus epidurals can have a negative effect on the baby. They can lower the baby’s heart rate. Some other side effects for the mother are headaches, vomiting, and dystocia.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Why should I have a natural birth, â€Å"You don’t get a medal for going without drugs, you know.† Why go through the pain when you can get an injection that can take away just enough of the pain that you can still enjoy the labor? â€Å"There is no shame in asking for an epidural,† said Dr. Cynthia Wong of Northwestern Memorial Hospital and Northwestern University. In the United States more than 80% of pregnant women are now having c-sections. Epidurals give the mothers a chance to participate in the delivery and actually enjoy it. You can also get a walking epidural so that you can still push during the labor and cope with the pain.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When should I get an epidural? Some doctors stated that you shouldn’t get an epidural until the cervix has dilated to 4 centimeters. New studies have claimed that you can have an epidural as soon as the pain gets unbearable. Many doctors still discourage getting an epidural before you are 4 centimeters dilated.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  After reading so many articles online from the Chicago Sun times and different clinics and hospitals I am still skeptical.

Control and The Role of Destiny, Free Will, and Fate Essay -- Explorat

Control and The Role of Destiny, Free Will, and Fate Control. Who is in control of our actions and decisions and what happens as a result of them? As humans, we like to believe that we are in control of our actions and decisions and that we are in complete control of where we go and what we do in life, but is that really the case? Are there other factors besides us that help determine where we go and what we do in life? Is there a supreme being, such as God, that controls where our actions and decisions will take us and even influences our decisions, or does chance/fate and only chance/fate play a factor in decisions we make and their outcomes? Do other people have the ability to control our actions and us, or is that not possible? As was stated, the nature of humans is to want to feel like one is in control of him/herself and where his/her decisions will lead him/her in life. We like to believe that we aren't influenced when making decisions, but, after discussing the topic of what influences our decisions in class, I realized that most of our decisions are influenced, in some way or another, by our peers, our family, television, movies, music, teachers, and so forth. For example, take the topic of clothing. Why do we wear the clothes we wear? When I go to school, I generally see people in the same clique wearing similar clothing. Some people believe that they buy the clothing they buy only because it feels comfortable and it (supposedly) lasts a long time, but, in my opinion, I think students' decisions of what clothing to purchase are influenced by their peers and also by the companies that make clothing. If a person's friends didn't wear Abercrombie and Fitch clothing, they probably wouldn't wear it. Clothing manu... ...ven the same decision, but where that decision leads them may be totally different. God has a plan for everyone's life, and HE uses the decisions we make to guide us down the path HE wants us to go, not necessarily where we want to go. Someone can decide that he/she wants to become a really, really rich business person, but if God doesn't want that to happen, He'll use their decisions they think are leading them to become a businessman/woman for His own purpose. We all like to feel like we're in control of our lives and what's going to happen to us, but that actually isn't the case. This feeling we desire comes from pride - we think we can do what WE want on OUR own, without God, without realizing that He has already planned what's going to happen to us. So next time you think, "Some day I'm going to...," remember that what you want isn't always going to happen. Control and The Role of Destiny, Free Will, and Fate Essay -- Explorat Control and The Role of Destiny, Free Will, and Fate Control. Who is in control of our actions and decisions and what happens as a result of them? As humans, we like to believe that we are in control of our actions and decisions and that we are in complete control of where we go and what we do in life, but is that really the case? Are there other factors besides us that help determine where we go and what we do in life? Is there a supreme being, such as God, that controls where our actions and decisions will take us and even influences our decisions, or does chance/fate and only chance/fate play a factor in decisions we make and their outcomes? Do other people have the ability to control our actions and us, or is that not possible? As was stated, the nature of humans is to want to feel like one is in control of him/herself and where his/her decisions will lead him/her in life. We like to believe that we aren't influenced when making decisions, but, after discussing the topic of what influences our decisions in class, I realized that most of our decisions are influenced, in some way or another, by our peers, our family, television, movies, music, teachers, and so forth. For example, take the topic of clothing. Why do we wear the clothes we wear? When I go to school, I generally see people in the same clique wearing similar clothing. Some people believe that they buy the clothing they buy only because it feels comfortable and it (supposedly) lasts a long time, but, in my opinion, I think students' decisions of what clothing to purchase are influenced by their peers and also by the companies that make clothing. If a person's friends didn't wear Abercrombie and Fitch clothing, they probably wouldn't wear it. Clothing manu... ...ven the same decision, but where that decision leads them may be totally different. God has a plan for everyone's life, and HE uses the decisions we make to guide us down the path HE wants us to go, not necessarily where we want to go. Someone can decide that he/she wants to become a really, really rich business person, but if God doesn't want that to happen, He'll use their decisions they think are leading them to become a businessman/woman for His own purpose. We all like to feel like we're in control of our lives and what's going to happen to us, but that actually isn't the case. This feeling we desire comes from pride - we think we can do what WE want on OUR own, without God, without realizing that He has already planned what's going to happen to us. So next time you think, "Some day I'm going to...," remember that what you want isn't always going to happen.

batch process of wine making Essay -- essays research papers

Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The homemade production of wine is a fun and challenging hobby that many people can enjoy. In this paper the reader will be taken through several different steps and processes that must be accomplished for your wine to be of satisfactory flavor and clarity. Crushing and stemming This first step may be performed by hand or by machine. For handling a ton or more of grapes, use a mechanical crusher-stemmer. Using a small crusher-stemmer, two persons can crush and stem a ton of grapes in about one hour. To collect the crushed grapes, which are also called the must, the machine is placed and supported above a container. A large polyethylene plastic tub or garbage can is sufficient. The important objective is to minimize bitterness by thoroughly crushing the berries without macerating the seeds, and while recovering all of the skins and juice in the must. After stemming and crushing, the fermentors are filled with the must to about two-thirds capacity, to avoid foaming-over during fermentation. After all of the must has been poured into the fermentors and the sulfur dioxide has been added, the fermentors should be covered with cheesecloth or plastic to keep out insects. Temperature, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, and the free and total SO2 of the must in each fermentor should be determined and the results recorded. Adding sulfur dioxide   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is a chemical compound that has been used in winemaking for more than a century. Because it is known that wine yeast produce small amounts of SO2 during fermentation, SO2 can be considered a natural constituent of wine.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Judicious and moderate use of SO2 has long been recommended. Recent research shows that the best quality wines are made when SO2 has been used both before and after fermentation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  For grapes free of mildew, rot, or mold, usually from 50 to 100 parts per million (ppm) is used or about 75 ppm is adequate. This mild antiseptic is commonly used in the form of potassium metabisulfite (K2S2O5), and is available from home wine making suppliers. To obtain 75 ppm of SO2, add  ¼ ounce to each 10 gallons of juice or must. For grapes that have appreciable amounts of moldiness, rot, or broken berries, use twice this amount of SO2. To add SO2, dissolve the metabis... ... examination for desired clarity, smell, and taste. Check the free and total SO2. It is customary to adjust the free SO2 as needed to about 25 to 30 ppm at bottling. This helps to prevent oxidation of the wine after bottling due to dissolved oxygen that may be picked up during bottling.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When selecting bottling devices, it is highly desirable to minimize aeration, which in turn will minimize oxidation of the wine after bottling. This is best achieved using devices that provide for gravity flow of the wine and fill the bottles from the bottom of the storage container. Such bottling devices are often referred to as â€Å"gravity bottom filling†. New wine bottles should be rinsed in hot water to remove dust particles and air dried before use. Conclusion Hopefully after reading this paper, the reader has obtained more insight in creating a homemade wine that everyone can enjoy. The process may seem lengthy, but time is normally essential in the completion of many things. And if your first batch does not come out correct, do not get discouraged. Try again until things get better. Before you know it, you will be able to consider yourself a wine connoisseur. batch process of wine making Essay -- essays research papers Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The homemade production of wine is a fun and challenging hobby that many people can enjoy. In this paper the reader will be taken through several different steps and processes that must be accomplished for your wine to be of satisfactory flavor and clarity. Crushing and stemming This first step may be performed by hand or by machine. For handling a ton or more of grapes, use a mechanical crusher-stemmer. Using a small crusher-stemmer, two persons can crush and stem a ton of grapes in about one hour. To collect the crushed grapes, which are also called the must, the machine is placed and supported above a container. A large polyethylene plastic tub or garbage can is sufficient. The important objective is to minimize bitterness by thoroughly crushing the berries without macerating the seeds, and while recovering all of the skins and juice in the must. After stemming and crushing, the fermentors are filled with the must to about two-thirds capacity, to avoid foaming-over during fermentation. After all of the must has been poured into the fermentors and the sulfur dioxide has been added, the fermentors should be covered with cheesecloth or plastic to keep out insects. Temperature, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, and the free and total SO2 of the must in each fermentor should be determined and the results recorded. Adding sulfur dioxide   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is a chemical compound that has been used in winemaking for more than a century. Because it is known that wine yeast produce small amounts of SO2 during fermentation, SO2 can be considered a natural constituent of wine.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Judicious and moderate use of SO2 has long been recommended. Recent research shows that the best quality wines are made when SO2 has been used both before and after fermentation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  For grapes free of mildew, rot, or mold, usually from 50 to 100 parts per million (ppm) is used or about 75 ppm is adequate. This mild antiseptic is commonly used in the form of potassium metabisulfite (K2S2O5), and is available from home wine making suppliers. To obtain 75 ppm of SO2, add  ¼ ounce to each 10 gallons of juice or must. For grapes that have appreciable amounts of moldiness, rot, or broken berries, use twice this amount of SO2. To add SO2, dissolve the metabis... ... examination for desired clarity, smell, and taste. Check the free and total SO2. It is customary to adjust the free SO2 as needed to about 25 to 30 ppm at bottling. This helps to prevent oxidation of the wine after bottling due to dissolved oxygen that may be picked up during bottling.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When selecting bottling devices, it is highly desirable to minimize aeration, which in turn will minimize oxidation of the wine after bottling. This is best achieved using devices that provide for gravity flow of the wine and fill the bottles from the bottom of the storage container. Such bottling devices are often referred to as â€Å"gravity bottom filling†. New wine bottles should be rinsed in hot water to remove dust particles and air dried before use. Conclusion Hopefully after reading this paper, the reader has obtained more insight in creating a homemade wine that everyone can enjoy. The process may seem lengthy, but time is normally essential in the completion of many things. And if your first batch does not come out correct, do not get discouraged. Try again until things get better. Before you know it, you will be able to consider yourself a wine connoisseur.

The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde

Content includes an example of how the personality characteristic for a least one trait cluster affected the character's choice. The paper links theory to relevant examples and uses the vocabulary of the theory correctly. Major points are stated clearly; are supported by specific details, examples, or analysis; and are organized logically. ; One film of reference Is Included. The introduction provides sufficient background on the topic and previews major points. The conclusion is logical, flows from the body of the paper, and reviews the major points.Readability and Style 5 Points Points Earned Paragraph transitions are present, logical, and maintain the flow throughout the paper. Your paper was easy to follow easy to read. Good Job. The tone is appropriate to the content and assignment. Sentences are complete, clear, and concise. Sentences are well constructed, with consistently strong, varied sentences. Sentence transitions are present and maintain the flow of thought. Mechanics 15 /15 The paper, including the title page, reference page, tables, and appendixes, follows PAP formatting guidelines. You did well on this section also.Jewell seems to be the subject of this mental disorder, coupled with scientific product. Although it is safe to say that most of us would score somewhere at the low or high end of the Big Five characteristic traits, there is usually a plateau upon which we can be scored. Contrarily, Dir. Jewell fluctuated between these two extremes, enjoying each in its totality, until the pressure of the duality became too much to bear. I believe the concept of humanity's sense of good and evil (our duality) can be represented by the low and high ends of the Big Five harmonistic traits that dwell within us all.Therefore, the individual who is perceived as psychotic, as was Dir. Jewell, could possibly be fighting the notion that good and evil exists within us all and results in the evil being projected onto others. Analyzing the story of Dir. Henry Jew ell and Mr.. Edward Hyde, theories vary as to what kind of evil Mr.. Hyde heaped on the public, as it is never really explained. However, the reader is left to his/her own imagination, based on the author's overall tone of the story, though we can safely assume that he was totally on opposite ends f morality.Also noted is â€Å"The susceptibility to psychosis-psychopaths is evident from an early age† (Cord,2000) as in the case of Dir. Jewell. When at the low end of the spectrum of the Big Five personality traits, Dir. Jelly's decision making was wise and well-thought out, as a 2 respectable doctor and member of society. He felt, for example, remorse when reflecting on the sins of Mr.. Hyde, such as when Mr.. Hyde murders Sir Dangers Care, a kind, white haired, old man and important Member of Parliament. On the other hand, when at the high end of the spectrum, Mr..Hyde feels no remorse and actually enjoys the euphoria of the evilness of his actions. When the Doctor is no longe r able to control his personality swings and Dir. Jewell fears he is losing himself to Mr.. Hyde , he knows that he is in trouble and will soon be completely on the high end of the spectrum, unable to transform to Dir. Jewell. Dreading this, he makes the choice to reveal his alter ego to Dir. Hastiest Lyon, a friend of his, (Hyde transforms himself back into Jewell in Dir. Layman's presence) could possibly have been a cry or help.This revelation fits in the personality cluster of Extroversion (â€Å"Extroversion is ally a family of related smaller traits (such as sociability, warmth, and excitement seeking), all sharing a resemblance to each other, but each carving out something of its own identity within the broad family constellation† (The Person, p. 157). The Doctor's inner struggle with personality conflict is rapidly approaching an end and will ultimately culminate in his suicide. His inner struggle had finally come to an end, but not before he could leave a letter (suic ide note) explaining his dilemma.I guess we could say that Dir. Jelly's personality could also be classified under Open to Experience (as well as open to experimentation). What started out as an experiment in personality soon became a reality wherein the victor became the victim. As always, there is an inner struggle with a person's dual personalities; good and evil. The Beast Within (Writers: Tom Holland (screen story & screen play (February 15,1982), The Wolfram (Writer: Curt Kodiak (original 3 screenplay), 1941) are Just two of the many screen adaptations of the story of Dir. Jewell and Mr..Hyde, and in every one, the complex dichotomy of outward respectability and inward lust are the focus. This examination of the duality of human nature, I believe, can be linked to all human beings. Although our personalities may not be as extreme as that of Dir. Jewell, we all struggle inwardly and labeling our characteristics can be a helpful beginning in determining those who might be at ris k for sinking into the depths of despair and giving in to suicidal urges in order to end their misery. All the books, plays and movies have a common theme; they all blame some outside influence for the metamorphosis that transpires. Dir.

Economic Boom of the 1920s Essay

Only those who know little or nothing about economics and the very naive did not know in the year 1925 that economic hard times follow good times as economic booms and slumps are cyclical. Still, there were various reasons why even seasoned economists may have speculated that economic prosperity of the 1920s would continue forevermore. Machinery, manufacturing plants and â€Å"the process of standardized mass production† were the main reasons for the excitement of the 1920s (Schultz and Tischler). In fact, the economy of the United States continued to grow until 1929. The First World War had encouraged industry to expand. Labor shortages coupled with the need to increase production had stimulated the development of efficient modes of production. Taylorism or scientific management to streamline processes of production in order to increase production capacity had been introduced around the country. With new machinery and management tools, worker productivity was raised. This rise in productivity increased wages, thereby increasing consumption. Americans were also encouraged to use credit to fuel consumption at the time. The installment plan was an innovation of the 1920s. What is more, the government supported businesses by raising tariffs on foreign goods, reducing personal income tax and corporate tax, repealing taxes on profits, and looking into unfair trade practices as a means to encourage businesses to expand (Schultz and Tischler). The consumer psychology in 1925 was another reason why many may have reasoned that economic slumps are a thing of the past. Americans had the radio at the time, in addition to a growing motion picture industry to keep their mindsets positive. They also had electric appliances at home and a growing automobile industry making them believe their lives had changed forevermore in a positive direction (Schultz and Tischler). Then again, all those who know about the economic boom bust cycle were aware in 1925 that a slump is sure to follow a boom. Works Cited Schultz, Stanley K. , and William P. Tischler. â€Å"Civil War to the Present. † American History 102. 1999. 1 Mar 2009.

Langston Hughes “Theme for English B”

Langston Hughes â€Å"Theme for English B,† was written in part of an assignment given to Hughes from his college instructor. The instructor said, â€Å"Go home and write a page tonight. And let that page come out of you-Then, it will be true† (Hughes lines 2-5). Hughes viewed his assignment as expressing how he felted in the moment. He starts his paper by describing his journey from Durham, then to Harlem, where he is the only African American in his college class. At the same time, he outlines his walk from Harlem to his room. Later, Hughes expressed that at age twenty-two, his likes and interest was not much different from other races. Hughes then expresses his feelings toward connection. He says, â€Å"Yet a part of me, as I am a part of you. That’s American. Sometimes perhaps you don’t want to be a part of me. Nor do I often want to be a part of you† (32-35). This expresses how he views different races in America. He views other races as being a part of one another because of the connection to the American life style. Basically, he is saying that because he and whites is American, they are connected through the way of American living, but at the same time, he expresses how the connection is not wanted or favored. Hughes ends his paper saying, â€Å"I guess you learn from me-although you’re older-and white-and somewhat more free† (37-39). Expressing that, even though the whites have more rights then him, they still influence him and vice versa.

Alternative Medicine Essay

Alternative medicine describes practices used in place of conventional medical treatments. People increasingly prefer alternative to conventional medicine. The reasons for this are pretty simple – it is safe and it works! And USA is not an exception. It is estimated, by none other than the Harvard Medical School, that one out of every two persons in the United States between the ages of 35 and 49 years used at least one alternative therapy in 1997. Alternative medicine actually encompasses a very large array of different systems and therapies ranging from ayurvedic medicine to vitamin therapy. Ayurvedic medicine is a very comprehensive system that places equal emphasis on body, mind, and spirit and uses a highly personalized approach to return an individual to a state where he or she is again in harmony with their environment. Ayurvedic medicine uses diet, exercise, yoga, meditation, massage, herbs, and medication and, despite its long lineage, is as applicable today as it was 5000 years ago. Traditional Chinese medicine combines the use of medicinal herbs, acupuncture, and the use of therapeutic exercises such as Qi Gong. It has proven to be effective in the treatment of many chronic diseases including cancer, allergies, heart disease and AIDS. Homeopathy is a low-cost, non-toxic health care system now used by hundreds of millions of people around the world. Chiropracty primarily involves the adjustment of spine and joints to alleviate pain and improve general health.   Naturopathic medicine also strongly believes in the body’s inherent ability to heal itself. Vitamin therapy or orthomolecular medicine uses vitamins, minerals, and amino acids to return a diseased body to wellness. Biofeedback, body work, massage therapy, reflexology, hydrotherapy, aromatherapy, and various other forms of energy medicine round out the vast spectrum of alternative medicine modalities. More then 50 % of Americans use some kind of alternative medicine. Actually, it may happen so, that in future alternative medicine will totally displace allopathic medical remedies. But nowadays almost 40% of people still visit their doctors. References Benedetti, F., Maggi, G., ; Lopiano, L. (2003). Open Versus Hidden Medical Treatments: The Patient’s Knowledge About a Therapy Affects the Therapy Outcome. Prevention ; Treatment, 6, 1, 23-27.